Emergency Drug Dosing Reference

Canine & Feline — Quick bedside dosing guide

Emergency

Cardiovascular & Respiratory Drugs

DrugDog DoseCat DoseRouteIndicationCaution
Epinephrine (low) 0.01 mg/kg 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO Cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis Repeat q3–5min. Dilute 1:10,000 for IV
Epinephrine (high) 0.1 mg/kg 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO Refractory cardiac arrest Reserve after low-dose failure
Atropine 0.02–0.04 mg/kg 0.02–0.04 mg/kg IV/IM Bradycardia, asystole, PEA Min 0.5 mg total (dog); may repeat once
Vasopressin 0.8 U/kg 0.8 U/kg IV/IO Refractory arrest (substitute epi) Single dose only
Dopamine 2–10 mcg/kg/min 2–10 mcg/kg/min IV CRI Hypotension, shock Titrate to effect; extravasation risk
Dobutamine 2–10 mcg/kg/min 2–10 mcg/kg/min IV CRI Cardiogenic shock, CHF Arrhythmogenic; monitor ECG
Norepinephrine 0.05–2 mcg/kg/min 0.05–2 mcg/kg/min IV CRI Vasodilatory shock, septic shock Central line preferred

Neurologic & Anticonvulsant Drugs

DrugDog DoseCat DoseRouteIndicationCaution
Diazepam 0.5–2 mg/kg 0.25–0.5 mg/kg IV (per rectum OK) Status epilepticus, seizures Cats: hepatic metabolism; respiratory depression
Midazolam 0.2–0.3 mg/kg 0.2–0.3 mg/kg IV/IM Seizures, anxiolysis, sedation Water-soluble; shorter acting than diazepam
Propofol 2–6 mg/kg 2–6 mg/kg IV Refractory seizures (brief) Titrate slowly; apnea risk
Levetiracetam 20–60 mg/kg 20 mg/kg IV Cluster seizures, status Can repeat q8h; minimal sedation
Naloxone 0.02–0.04 mg/kg 0.02–0.04 mg/kg IV/IM Opioid reversal Titrate; reverses analgesia too

Metabolic, Electrolyte & Anaphylaxis Drugs

DrugDog DoseCat DoseRouteIndicationCaution
Calcium Gluconate 10% 0.5–1.5 mL/kg 0.5–1.5 mL/kg IV (slow) Hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia, CCB toxicity Give slowly over 10–20 min; monitor ECG
Dexamethasone SP 0.1–0.5 mg/kg 0.1–0.5 mg/kg IV/IM Shock, inflammation, spinal trauma Avoid in septic shock without fluids
Diphenhydramine 1–2 mg/kg 1–2 mg/kg IM/IV (slow) Anaphylaxis, allergic reactions Give with epi for anaphylaxis; sedation
Furosemide 2–4 mg/kg 1–2 mg/kg IV/IM Pulmonary edema, CHF, AKI Monitor electrolytes; dehydration risk
Mannitol 0.5–1 g/kg 0.5–1 g/kg IV (over 15–20 min) Cerebral edema, glaucoma Give slowly; avoid in dehydration
Insulin (Regular) + Dextrose 0.25 U/kg IV + 2 g/kg dextrose 0.25 U/kg IV + 2 g/kg dextrose IV Hyperkalemia Monitor glucose q30min; expect hypoglycemia

Common Dilutions & Preparations

Epinephrine for IV use

1 mg epinephrine (1:1,000) in 9 mL NS = 0.1 mg/mL (1:10,000). For a 10 kg dog at 0.01 mg/kg low dose: give 1 mL IV.

Calcium Gluconate 10%

100 mg/mL = 9.3 mg elemental calcium/mL. Typical dose 0.5–1.5 mL/kg IV slowly over 10–20 min with ECG monitoring. Do not give faster than 1 mL/min.

Atropine

Available as 0.54 mg/mL. For a 10 kg dog at 0.04 mg/kg: give 0.74 mL IV. May dilute in NS for slower administration.

Mannitol 20%

0.5–1 g/kg = 2.5–5 mL/kg of 20% solution. Give IV over 15–20 min. Do not mix with electrolyte solutions.

Disclaimer: This card is for educational reference only. Always verify drug concentrations, patient weight, and individual contraindications before administration. Verify against current references and institutional protocols.

Last reviewed: May 2026

Sources: Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook; Merck Veterinary Manual; RECOVER Guidelines; BSAVA Formulary